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      Department of Aerospace Engineering

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      AE 424 | Course Introduction and Application Information

      Course Name
      Special Topics in Astrophysics and Orbital Mechanics
      Code
      Semester
      Theory
      (hour/week)
      Application/Lab
      (hour/week)
      Local Credits
      ECTS
      AE 424
      SPRING
      3
      0
      3
      5

      Prerequisites None
      Course Language English
      Course Type ELECTIVE_COURSE
      Course Level First Cycle
      Mode of Delivery Face-to-face
      Teaching Methods and Techniques of the Course -
      National Occupational Classification Code -
      Course Coordinator
      • Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Fabrizio Pinto
      Course Lecturer(s)
      • Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Fabrizio Pinto
      Assistant(s) -
      Course Objectives The aim of this course is to explore a range of subjects of timely importance to astrophysics and orbital mechanics by means of high performance computing (HPC) approaches, especifically leveraging competitive features available in modern Fortran, as well as employing a broad suite of free open source software (FOSS) tools to explore complex astrophysical systems and to simulate and visualize results useful in the digital design and analysis of next generation spacecraft trajectories and operations.
      Learning Outcomes The students who succeeded in this course;
      Name Description PC Sub * Contribution Level
      1 2 3 4 5
      LO1 Describe the astrophysical systems and the orbital mechanics problems under study. 2 X
      LO2 Define the relationship between measured and observed parameters and the final outcome of analysis and simulations. 1.6 X
      LO3 Import into computing algorithms data available from observations or laboratory experiments published in the refereed literature and catalogs. 1.4 X
      LO4 Employ HPC programming, particularly modern Fortran, to solve numerically intensive mathematical problems. 3.2 X
      LO5 Employ FOSS tools to create advanced visualizations, simulations and enhanced multidimensional representations of the results. 4 X
      Course Description This course introduces the study of high performance computing for the analysis of complex astrophysical systems and realistic orbital mechanics problems dictated by next generation propulsion and navigation technologies. Simplifications typically introduced in introductory courses are removed and analysis is carried out on multiple length and time scales and involving the simultaneous interaction of various physical principles thus introducing the need for HPC with modern Fortran and representation of complex results with other FOSS tools.
      Related Sustainable Development Goals
      -

       



      Course Category

      Core Courses
      Major Area Courses
      X
      Supportive Courses
      Media and Managment Skills Courses
      Transferable Skill Courses

       

      WEEKLY SUBJECTS AND RELATED PREPARATION STUDIES

      Week Subjects Required Materials Learning Outcome
      1 Introduction to the gravitational N-body problem, analytical 2-body solution, Kepler equation, applications to spacecraft trajectory, solar system dynamics, binary stars, galaxies R. Bate et al., Fundamentals of Astrodynamics (Dover Publ., New York, 1971). ISBN: 0486600610. J. Binney and S. Tremaine, Galactic Dynamics (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1987). ISBN: 0-691-08444-0. H. Goldstein, C. Poole, and J. Safko, Classical Mechanics (Addison-Wesley, San Francisco, 2002). cdcb580a
      2 Perturbed 2-body problem and solvable cases of the full 3-body problem. Numerical approaches: symplectic and adaptive algorithms. R. Bate et al., Fundamentals of Astrodynamics (Dover Publ., New York, 1971). ISBN: 0486600610. P.J. Teuben, The Stellar Dynamics Toolbox NEMO, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IV, PASP Conf Series 77, 398, (1995). 52473b35
      3 Introduction to Modern Fortran. FOSS tools review: CygWin, Jupyter, gnuplot, Sage, gfortran. LaTeX. Applications to the N-body problem (N>>1). History, strategies, and parallelization. Janet A. Nicholson, Introduction to Programming using Fortran 95 (2011). (electronic document). W. H. Press et al., Numerical Recipes in Fortran, FORTRAN 77 and Fortran 90, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). ISBN: 0-521-43064-X. b95109fd
      4 Project 1: student presentations dc4f1a0a
      5 Analytical solutions of the polytropic models. Emden-Lane equation. King’s models and globular clusters. Gravitational and atomic charge potential models. J. Binney and S. Tremaine, Galactic Dynamics (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, 1987). ISBN: 0-691-08444-0. S. Chandrasekhar, An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Dover Publ., New York, 1967). Library of Congress Catalog: 58-162. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Quantum Mechanics (Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2002). ISBN: 0-08-029140-6. b95109fd
      6 Star formation and structure. Numerical solutions of equilibrium stellar structure. Equations of state. Relativistic astrophysics. White dwarfs, neutron stars. E. Brown, Stellar Astrophysics (Open Astrophysics Bookshelf, 2021). (git version6f0150ea). S. Chandrasekhar, An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Dover Publ., New York, 1967). Library of Congress Catalog: 58-162. S. Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1972). ISBN: 0471925675. 52473b35
      7 Numerical solutions of dynamical stellar structure. Variable stars, structural instabilities, novae and supernovae. S. Chandrasekhar, An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Dover Publ., New York, 1967). Library of Congress Catalog: 58-162. cdcb580a
      8 Midterm 52473b35
      9 Spacecraft trajectory optimization: low thrust missions. J. Aziz et al., Low-Thrust Many-Revolution Trajectory Optimization via Differential Dynamic Programming and a Sundman Transformation, J. of Astronaut. Sci., 65, 205-228 (2018). O. Golan et al., Minimum Fuel Lunar Trajectories for a Low-Thrust Power-Limited Spacecraft, Dynamics and Control, 4, 383-394 (1994). b95109fd
      10 Autonomous spacecraft navigation and Kalman filters M. Rhudy, A Kalman filtering tutorial for undegraduate students, International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Technology (IJCSET), 8, 1-18 (2018). R. Faragher, Understanding the Basis of the Kalman Filter Via a Simple and Intuitive Derivation, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 29, 128-132 (2012). 8aeee991
      11 Autonomous landing Z. Bojun, High-Precision Adaptive Predictive Entry Guidance for Vertical Rocket Landing, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 56, 1735-1741 (2019). L. Ocampo, Solving the optimization control problem for lunar soft landing using minimization technique, University of Texas, 2013. 8aeee991
      12 Project 2: student presentations 8aeee991
      13 General relativistic spacecraft trajectories, trajectories in the Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics, Post-Newtonian approximations. S. Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1972). ISBN: 0471925675. 52473b35
      14 Interstellar travel: relativistic navigation technologies, artificial intelligence, and simulations. C. Bayler-Jones, Lost in space? Relativistic interstellar navigation using an astrometric star catalogue, ArXiv:2103.10389v1 (2021). I. Crawford, “Direct Exoplanet Investigation using Interstellar Space Probes,” The Handbook of Exoplanets (Springer International Publishing, 2018). ISBN: 978-3-319-55333-7. 52473b35
      15 Review of the Semester cdcb580a
      16 Final Exam 52473b35

       

      Course Notes/Textbooks J. Aziz et al. Low-Thrust Many-Revolution Trajectory Optimization via Differential Dynamic Programming and a Sundman Transformation J. of Astronaut. Sci. 65 205-228 (2018)
      R. Bate et al. Fundamentals of Astrodynamics (Dover Publ. New York 1971). ISBN: 0486600610
      C. Bayler-Jones Lost in space? Relativistic interstellar navigation using an astrometric star catalogue ArXiv:2103.10389v1 (2021)
      J. Binney and S. Tremaine Galactic Dynamics (Princeton Univ. Press Princeton 1987). ISBN: 0-691-08444-0
      E. Brown Stellar Astrophysics (Open Astrophysics Bookshelf 2021). (git version6f0150ea)
      Z. Bojun High-Precision Adaptive Predictive Entry Guidance for Vertical Rocket Landing Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 56 1735-1741 (2019)
      S. Chandrasekhar An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Dover Publ. New York 1967). Library of Congress Catalog: 58-162 I. Crawford “Direct Exoplanet Investigation using Interstellar Space Probes ” The Handbook of Exoplanets (Springer International Publishing 2018). ISBN: 978-3-319-55333-7
      R. Faragher Understanding the Basis of the Kalman Filter Via a Simple and Intuitive Derivation IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 29 128-132 (2012)
      O. Golan et al. Minimum Fuel Lunar Trajectories for a Low-Thrust Power-Limited Spacecraft Dynamics and Control 4 383-394 (1994)
      H. Goldstein C. Poole and J. Safko Classical Mechanics (Addison-Wesley San Francisco 2002)
      L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz Quantum Mechanics (Butterworth-Heinemann Oxford 2002). ISBN: 0-08-029140-6
      Janet A. Nicholson Introduction to Programming using Fortran 95 (2011). (electronic document)
      L. Ocampo Solving the optimization control problem for lunar soft landing using minimization technique University of Texas 2013
      W. H. Press et al. Numerical Recipes in Fortran FORTRAN 77 and Fortran 90 (Cambridge University Press Cambridge). ISBN: 0-521-43064-X
      P.J. Teuben The Stellar Dynamics Toolbox NEMO Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IV PASP Conf Series 77 398 (1995)
      M. Rhudy A Kalman filtering tutorial for undegraduate students International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Technology (IJCSET) 8 1-18 (2018)
      S. Weinberg Gravitation and Cosmology (John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York 1972). ISBN: 0471925675.
      Suggested Readings/Materials -

       

      EVALUATION SYSTEM

      Semester Activities Number Weighting LO1 LO2 LO3 LO4 LO5
      Project 2 40 X X X
      Midterm 1 20 X X X
      Final Exam 1 40 X X X X
      Total 4 100

       

      ECTS / WORKLOAD TABLE

      Semester Activities Number Duration (Hours) Workload
      Participation - - -
      Theoretical Course Hours 16 3 48
      Laboratory / Application Hours - - -
      Study Hours Out of Class 14 3 42
      Field Work - - -
      Quizzes / Studio Critiques - - -
      Portfolio - - -
      Homework / Assignments - - -
      Presentation / Jury - - -
      Project 2 14 28
      Seminar / Workshop - - -
      Oral Exams - - -
      Midterms 1 14 14
      Final Exam 1 18 18
          Total 150

       

      COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES AND PROGRAM QUALIFICATIONS RELATIONSHIP

      # PC Sub Program Competencies/Outcomes * Contribution Level
      1 2 3 4 5
      1

      Engineering Knowledge: Knowledge of mathematics, science, basic engineering, computation, and related engineering discipline-specific topics; the ability to apply this knowledge to solve complex engineering problems.

      1

      Mathematics

      2

      Science

      3

      Basic Engineering

      4

      Computation

      LO3
      5

      Related engineering discipline-specific topics

      6

      The ability to apply this knowledge to solve complex engineering problems

      LO2
      2

      Problem Analysis: Ability to identify, formulate and analyze complex engineering problems using basic knowledge of science, mathematics and engineering, and considering the UN Sustainable Development Goals relevant to the problem being addressed.

      LO1
      3

      Engineering Design: The ability to devise creative solutions to complex engineering problems; the ability to design complex systems, processes, devices or products to meet current and future needs, considering realistic constraints and conditions.

      1

      Ability to design creative solutions to complex engineering problems

      2

      Ability to design complex systems, processes, devices or products to meet current and future needs, considering realistic constraints and conditions

      LO4
      4

      Use of Techniques and Tools: Ability to select and use appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and computing tools, including estimation and modeling, for the analysis and solution of complex engineering problems, while recognizing their limitations.

      LO5
      5

      Research and Investigation: Ability to use research methods to investigate complex engineering problems, including literature research, designing and conducting experiments, collecting data, and analyzing and interpreting results.

      1

      Literature research for the study of complex engineering problems

      2

      Designing experiments

      3

      Ability to use research methods, including conducting experiments, collecting data. analyzing and interpreting results

      6

      Global Impact of Engineering Practices: Knowledge of the impacts of engineering practices on society, health and safety, economy, sustainability, and the environment, within the context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals; awareness of the legal implications of engineering solutions.

      1

      Knowledge of the impacts of engineering practices on society, health and safety, economy, sustainability, and the environment, within the context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

      2

      Awareness of the legal implications of engineering solutions

      7

      Ethical Behavior: Acting in accordance with the principles of the engineering profession, knowledge about ethical responsibility; awareness of being impartial, without discrimination, and being inclusive of diversity.

      1

      Acting in accordance with the principles of the engineering profession, knowledge about ethical responsibility ethical responsibility

      2

      Awareness of being impartial and inclusive of diversity, without discriminating on any subject

      8

      Individual and Teamwork: Ability to work effectively, individually and as a team member or leader on interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary teams (face-to-face, remote or hybrid).

      1

      Ability to work individually and within the discipline

      2

      Ability to work effectively as a team member or leader in multidisciplinary teams (face-to-face, remote or hybrid)

      9

      Verbal and Written Communication: Taking into account the various differences of the target audience (such as education, language, profession) on technical issues.

      1

      Ability to communicate verbally

      2

      Ability to communicate effectively in writing

      10

      Project Management: Knowledge of business practices such as project management and economic feasibility analysis; awareness of entrepreneurship and innovation.

      1

      Knowledge of business practices such as project management and economic feasibility analysis

      2

      Awareness of entrepreneurship and innovation

      11

      Lifelong Learning: Lifelong learning skills that include being able to learn independently and continuously, adapting to new and developing technologies, and thinking questioningly about technological changes.

      *1 Lowest, 2 Low, 3 Average, 4 High, 5 Highest


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